Acepromazine
Veterinary Compounding Medication – Customized for Dogs, Cats, and Horses
Quick Reference
Basic Information
Acepromazine Maleate is a phenothiazine derivative widely used as a neuroleptic agent in veterinary medicine. It works by reducing dopamine levels and dampening activity in the reticular activating system, producing a calming, sedative effect. The medication is metabolized primarily in the liver and excreted through the urine.
Uses in Dogs, Cats, and Horses
Dogs and Cats: Acepromazine is commonly prescribed as a pre-anesthetic sedative or to calm animals during stressful events such as travel, grooming, or veterinary visits. It can also help prevent motion sickness.
Horses: In equine care, it serves as a sedative and may be used in managing laminitis due to its vasodilatory properties. Acepromazine can also aid in treating exertional rhabdomyolysis by reducing muscle spasms and stress.
Side Effects
Acepromazine can cause hypotension (low blood pressure), which may lead to fainting or collapse, especially when animals rise quickly after lying down. It may reduce respiratory and heart rates and cause a drop in body temperature — posing additional risks for very young or debilitated pets.
In Horses: Stallions are at risk for penile prolapse, which can occasionally become permanent. Therefore, Acepromazine should be used cautiously or avoided entirely in breeding males.
Precautions
This medication should be used with caution in animals with liver disease, heart conditions, or low blood pressure. Acepromazine is not recommended for animals prone to seizures, as it may lower the seizure threshold. Additionally, certain breeds — such as giant breeds and brachycephalic dogs — may be more sensitive to its cardiovascular effects.
Drug Interactions
Acepromazine may intensify the effects of other sedatives, anesthetics, or pain relievers. It can also alter the absorption of orally administered medications, such as certain antidiarrheals or antacids. Always inform your veterinarian of all medications your pet is taking.
Overdose
Signs of overdose may include profound sedation, low blood pressure, slowed respiration, and in severe cases, collapse or coma. Immediate veterinary care is necessary. Treatment focuses on supportive measures, including fluid therapy and medications to stabilize blood pressure and control seizures.
Handling and Administration
Acepromazine may be administered orally, intramuscularly, or intravenously, depending on the intended speed and duration of action. The onset and duration can vary significantly between species and individuals, underscoring the importance of precise dosing and close monitoring.
Custom Veterinary Compounding for Acepromazine
For reliable veterinary compounding of Acepromazine and other animal medications, trust Rock Ridge Pharmacy. Contact our pharmacy team to discuss dosage customization, flavors, and administration options for your pet.
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